正文 第177章 风雨欲来.南洋（四）
就在尹峰派出的遣欧船队来到马六甲之前<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一支荷兰小舰队攻击沙廉失败<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>荷兰在孟加拉湾的贸易无法与葡萄牙竞争<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因此也派人来联系叶华舰队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>鼓动他们攻打沙廉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
此刻<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>立志重新统一全缅甸的东吁王朝第四代国王阿那毕隆正在攻打伊洛瓦底江三角洲的沙廉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
同一时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在缅甸沿海还有一个葡萄牙冒险家的乐园<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>是由和德.布里托一样的葡萄牙雇佣兵头子塞巴斯蒂昂.贡萨尔维斯.蒂博建立的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>蒂博在 16 世纪90年代向缅甸诸侯之一阿拉干的统治者献殷勤(像德布里托一样)<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>开始取得孟加拉湾沿海的松迪布岛的控制权<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>因此<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>带博自己就许多问题同阿拉干宫廷进行谈判<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>直接和德.布里托展开了贸易竞争<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他也对默苏利特向和缅甸的贸易征收关税<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>利用他的小舰队袭击了默苏利泊特南船只<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这惹恼了在这个港口经商的波斯商人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们势力强大<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>与有影响的人物关系密切<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在阿拉干和勃固有很大影响力<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
缅甸东吁王朝的几代雄主都是穷兵黩武的人物<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一代霸主莽应龙的孙子阿那毕隆（1606- 1628 年在位)再次完成了缅甸统一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>沙廉成为由复兴的东吁王朝控制的统一的政治区域中的一块由西方人控制的地区<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>两个葡萄牙冒险家在缅甸沿海横行<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这种行径自然是东吁王朝勇猛的国王们怎么也忍耐不住的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
葡萄牙老雇佣兵德.布里托利用三角洲的孟族人对东吁王朝的不满<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>强制他们信仰天主教<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并组织了土著军队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>缅甸东吁王朝统治者终于忍耐不住了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不愿再看到自己国土上有一个欧洲人的据点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在1608年年初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>从勃固出发<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>国王阿那毕隆带领大约10 万人和大约150艘轻型战舰以及3000 艘马来帆船<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>围攻沙廉岛上的圣地亚哥城堡<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>菲利普.德.布里托带领大约三、四百名葡萄牙人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有被葡萄牙人叫做梅斯蒂索人的欧亚混血儿数百人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以及大约五、六百名勃固的孟族人守在那里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
沙廉的葡萄牙人拼命向果阿、马六甲求援<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>问题是现在是东北季风时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由果阿运兵过来太耗时间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而马六甲的葡萄牙兵只有120人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>外加100多名日本侨民组成的辅助兵<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>因此马六甲的葡萄牙总督想到了一个主意<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>让中国人的船队去救援沙廉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>随便让他们离开马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>也可以解除中国人船队对马六甲的威胁<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华船队在这一天内还接待了一名荷兰东印度公司的秘密使者<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
荷兰使者是从刚刚成为东印度公司总部的巴达维亚来的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华船队在马六甲发布了招揽通晓欧亚航海路线的水手的布告<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此后又在马六甲滞留了几个月<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>船队倒也没有闲着<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>分派出几艘船到南洋各地做生意<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还为西婆罗洲的中华公司基地运送了一批武器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
李旦除了初到马六甲时上过岸<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此后一直待在飞龙号船上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此时叶华主动把他叫了过来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为荷兰人的使者是李锦<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>很早以前是和李旦相识的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>李锦曾经帮助荷兰人来到澎湖<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>荷兰人因此和刚刚成立的中华公司大战一场<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>李锦因此和尹峰也是相识的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而且澎湖之战荷兰人战败后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他和尹峰一夜长谈<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>之后又返回到了荷兰人这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
所以<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此刻他代表荷兰东印度公司而来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>完全是一副荷兰利益的代理人的模样<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华不擅长这种商业外交谈判<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>李旦和贝尔纳多则是此中高手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
一天一夜的谈判后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>李旦揉着眼睛来到舱房外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对一直在值班的叶华说：“叶船长<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>荷兰人愿意提供武器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有通晓航路的向导水手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>条件是我们联合荷兰人打下沙廉后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>必须把沙廉交给荷兰人控制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华笑了笑：“李大哥<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>你觉得我们应该帮哪个<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>红毛人还是佛郎机夷<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>”
李旦叹了一口气说：“以我个人之见<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>无论帮谁<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对我们中华公司都没有太大好处<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>我们仅仅是得到几个向导水手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而这帮西洋人得到的是实在的利益<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华冷笑道：“他们都把我们看做冤大头<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在我看来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>我们干脆把这里夺下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那才是实实在在的利益<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华抬起手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>指着不远处的马六甲城<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>从世界各地航来的大海舶停靠在马六甲海港一带<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>桅樯林立<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由附近海岸驶来的小船在马六甲河穿梭往来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>呈现出生机勃勃的繁荣景象<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在马六甲国际市场上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>各种商品琳琅满目；有来自远东的绸缎、生丝、陶瓷、珠玉、青铜器、腰刀等物品；有来自印度以西广阔地区的各种手工艺品和纺织品<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如棉布、玻璃器皿、染料和药物等；有来自东南亚各地的香料、豆蔻、烟叶、象牙及各种农、海产品……
马六甲海峡是东西方海上交通的重要通道<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>位于马来半岛的马六甲扼其咽喉位置<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
在十五世纪初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在郑和下西洋船队的扶持下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲王国开始崛起<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>到十五世纪中后期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲王国已成为东南亚最强盛的国家之一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>马六甲王国的不断强大和它所处的独特的地理位置<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>促使马六甲港成为世界上各种商品的交易中心<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>曾于1512-1515年以商行书记的身份在葡属马六甲任职的托米．皮尔斯（Tome Pires）在他的名著《东方诸国记》（Suma Orintal）一书中说：“马六甲作为一个商人的城市<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>比世界上任何别的城市更为适宜；……马六甲位于世界的中心点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>千里之隔的各个国家为了贸易<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一定要来到马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>……谁是马六甲主宰<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>谁就扼住了威尼斯的咽喉”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
阿拉伯人称这地方叫做摩罗迦多<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>意思是集合各商贾的市场<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为各色各样的商贾<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>都常到这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而当地官员们也积极为公正<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
1511年5月2日<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>葡属印度果阿总督埃布尔奎（Afonso d’ Albuquerque）率领一支由800名葡兵和600名印度雇佣兵组成的殖民军<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>分乘19艘舰艇抵达马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在8月15日攻下了马六甲城<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲自此沦为葡萄牙的殖民地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>葡萄牙人终于如愿以偿控制了马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在此后130年间扼东西方航道之要冲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
从1511至1641年易手于荷兰人的130年间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲是葡萄牙殖民帝国在东方的重要据点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>也是葡萄牙人控制漫长的东方航道的一个主要环节 和向东南亚扩张、贸易的基地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>它与澳门有着密切相依的关系<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>扮演着不可或缺的重要角色<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
马六甲成了世界商人云集的城市<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>皮尔斯在《东方诸国记》中告诉我们<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在十五世纪末十六世纪初的马六甲市场上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>人们约使用84种方言<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>《马来纪年》记载当时人口为19万人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其中大多为各国商人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>埃布尔奎攻占马六甲时仍有 10万人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>埃布尔奎回忆说：“我确实相信<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如果还有另一个世界<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>或者在我们所知道的以外还有另一条航线的话<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那未他们必然将寻找到马六甲来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们可以找到凡是世界上所能说得出的任何一种药材和香料<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
李旦看着那繁荣的港口<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>又看看屹立于马六甲东南方海滨的亚福沙（A Famosa）堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>眼光中不由地显露出了羡慕之情：“佛郎机人国小人少<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>却是很有眼光<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这样的优越的地利都被他们占了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>不过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>我们从台湾出发前<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>尹船主告诫我们<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>现在还不是和佛郎机人动手的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这个地方我们还不能动啊<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”
葡萄牙人能够在柔佛和亚齐的不断围攻下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在马六甲坚持100多年<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>除了葡萄牙殖民者对马六甲境内采取分而治之的政策和善于挑拨、利用柔佛与亚齐之间的矛盾以外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在很大程度上还依靠了坚固著称的亚福沙（A Famosa）堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个堡垒是在埃布尔奎占领马六甲后开始建筑的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>当时埃布尔奎命令爪哇人到乡下去搜捕“逃犯”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>用铁链锁在工地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>强迫建筑炮台<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并把原苏丹王室的1500名奴隶也投入建筑堡垒的苦役 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个要塞堡寨墙厚8英尺<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>四周共筑有7个炮台<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>临海一面是巨浪翻滚的大海<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在每个月的第十五天<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>水位很高<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>200吨船可沿着堡垒边进来 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其他三面被马六甲河萦绕着<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
要塞成为葡属马六甲的核心：城堡里有总督府、主教殿、国家政务会礼堂、慈善兄弟会礼堂、五个教堂和两个医院 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个要塞被称为“第一个在东南亚的近代欧洲式的城堡” <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
马六甲要塞通常的驻军是300人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一般很少超过500人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在1606年荷兰和柔佛联合进攻马六甲时<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>只有80个葡萄牙人和几个日本雇佣兵 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>甚至在初期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其中一个月下降至29人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>守卫堡垒的葡萄牙士兵平均是在200人以下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在遭到围攻的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们就依靠这个设计先进的堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以及相比周围各国先进强大的火器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>挺过受围攻的艰险时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一直坚持到果阿的援军的到来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>马六甲也是葡萄牙人主要的海军基地之一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>有它自己的常驻舰队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以保持对马六甲海峡的制海权<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>为了袭击敌对船只或商船<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>葡萄牙人建立了“里马舰队”（Armada da Rima）<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>它行动轻捷迅疾<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对葡萄牙人有效地控制海峡起了重大作用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>不过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此时由于荷兰人的骚扰<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲舰队正在南方苏门答腊巡航<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
中华公司此次派遣前往欧洲的船队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>拥有强大的欧式战舰飞龙号<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有中西结合式的新兴号<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>加上辅助船只<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>携带总共拥有200多门炮<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>拥有战斗人员1000多人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>辅助作战的水手也有300-400人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如果结合本地中华商馆的人员对葡萄牙人的亚福沙城堡来一次奇袭<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>说不定是能够成功的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
此刻<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>立志重新统一全缅甸的东吁王朝第四代国王阿那毕隆正在攻打伊洛瓦底江三角洲的沙廉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
同一时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在缅甸沿海还有一个葡萄牙冒险家的乐园<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>是由和德.布里托一样的葡萄牙雇佣兵头子塞巴斯蒂昂.贡萨尔维斯.蒂博建立的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>蒂博在 16 世纪90年代向缅甸诸侯之一阿拉干的统治者献殷勤(像德布里托一样)<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>开始取得孟加拉湾沿海的松迪布岛的控制权<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>因此<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>带博自己就许多问题同阿拉干宫廷进行谈判<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>直接和德.布里托展开了贸易竞争<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他也对默苏利特向和缅甸的贸易征收关税<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>利用他的小舰队袭击了默苏利泊特南船只<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这惹恼了在这个港口经商的波斯商人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们势力强大<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>与有影响的人物关系密切<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在阿拉干和勃固有很大影响力<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
缅甸东吁王朝的几代雄主都是穷兵黩武的人物<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一代霸主莽应龙的孙子阿那毕隆（1606- 1628 年在位)再次完成了缅甸统一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>沙廉成为由复兴的东吁王朝控制的统一的政治区域中的一块由西方人控制的地区<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>两个葡萄牙冒险家在缅甸沿海横行<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这种行径自然是东吁王朝勇猛的国王们怎么也忍耐不住的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
葡萄牙老雇佣兵德.布里托利用三角洲的孟族人对东吁王朝的不满<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>强制他们信仰天主教<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并组织了土著军队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>缅甸东吁王朝统治者终于忍耐不住了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>不愿再看到自己国土上有一个欧洲人的据点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在1608年年初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>从勃固出发<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>国王阿那毕隆带领大约10 万人和大约150艘轻型战舰以及3000 艘马来帆船<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>围攻沙廉岛上的圣地亚哥城堡<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>菲利普.德.布里托带领大约三、四百名葡萄牙人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有被葡萄牙人叫做梅斯蒂索人的欧亚混血儿数百人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以及大约五、六百名勃固的孟族人守在那里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
沙廉的葡萄牙人拼命向果阿、马六甲求援<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>问题是现在是东北季风时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由果阿运兵过来太耗时间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而马六甲的葡萄牙兵只有120人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>外加100多名日本侨民组成的辅助兵<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>因此马六甲的葡萄牙总督想到了一个主意<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>让中国人的船队去救援沙廉<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>随便让他们离开马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>也可以解除中国人船队对马六甲的威胁<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华船队在这一天内还接待了一名荷兰东印度公司的秘密使者<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
荷兰使者是从刚刚成为东印度公司总部的巴达维亚来的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华船队在马六甲发布了招揽通晓欧亚航海路线的水手的布告<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此后又在马六甲滞留了几个月<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>船队倒也没有闲着<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>分派出几艘船到南洋各地做生意<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还为西婆罗洲的中华公司基地运送了一批武器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
李旦除了初到马六甲时上过岸<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此后一直待在飞龙号船上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>此时叶华主动把他叫了过来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为荷兰人的使者是李锦<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>很早以前是和李旦相识的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>李锦曾经帮助荷兰人来到澎湖<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>荷兰人因此和刚刚成立的中华公司大战一场<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>李锦因此和尹峰也是相识的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而且澎湖之战荷兰人战败后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他和尹峰一夜长谈<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>之后又返回到了荷兰人这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
所以<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此刻他代表荷兰东印度公司而来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>完全是一副荷兰利益的代理人的模样<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
叶华不擅长这种商业外交谈判<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>李旦和贝尔纳多则是此中高手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
一天一夜的谈判后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>李旦揉着眼睛来到舱房外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对一直在值班的叶华说：“叶船长<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>荷兰人愿意提供武器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有通晓航路的向导水手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>条件是我们联合荷兰人打下沙廉后<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>必须把沙廉交给荷兰人控制<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华笑了笑：“李大哥<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>你觉得我们应该帮哪个<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>红毛人还是佛郎机夷<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/14719F62B949F558856C312554715D6E.png)'></span>”
李旦叹了一口气说：“以我个人之见<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>无论帮谁<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对我们中华公司都没有太大好处<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>我们仅仅是得到几个向导水手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而这帮西洋人得到的是实在的利益<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华冷笑道：“他们都把我们看做冤大头<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在我看来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>我们干脆把这里夺下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那才是实实在在的利益<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
叶华抬起手<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>指着不远处的马六甲城<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>从世界各地航来的大海舶停靠在马六甲海港一带<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>桅樯林立<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>由附近海岸驶来的小船在马六甲河穿梭往来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>呈现出生机勃勃的繁荣景象<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在马六甲国际市场上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>各种商品琳琅满目；有来自远东的绸缎、生丝、陶瓷、珠玉、青铜器、腰刀等物品；有来自印度以西广阔地区的各种手工艺品和纺织品<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如棉布、玻璃器皿、染料和药物等；有来自东南亚各地的香料、豆蔻、烟叶、象牙及各种农、海产品……
马六甲海峡是东西方海上交通的重要通道<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>位于马来半岛的马六甲扼其咽喉位置<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
在十五世纪初<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在郑和下西洋船队的扶持下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲王国开始崛起<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>到十五世纪中后期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲王国已成为东南亚最强盛的国家之一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>马六甲王国的不断强大和它所处的独特的地理位置<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>促使马六甲港成为世界上各种商品的交易中心<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>曾于1512-1515年以商行书记的身份在葡属马六甲任职的托米．皮尔斯（Tome Pires）在他的名著《东方诸国记》（Suma Orintal）一书中说：“马六甲作为一个商人的城市<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>比世界上任何别的城市更为适宜；……马六甲位于世界的中心点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>千里之隔的各个国家为了贸易<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一定要来到马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>……谁是马六甲主宰<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>谁就扼住了威尼斯的咽喉”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
阿拉伯人称这地方叫做摩罗迦多<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>意思是集合各商贾的市场<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为各色各样的商贾<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>都常到这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>而当地官员们也积极为公正<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
1511年5月2日<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>葡属印度果阿总督埃布尔奎（Afonso d’ Albuquerque）率领一支由800名葡兵和600名印度雇佣兵组成的殖民军<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>分乘19艘舰艇抵达马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在8月15日攻下了马六甲城<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲自此沦为葡萄牙的殖民地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>葡萄牙人终于如愿以偿控制了马六甲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在此后130年间扼东西方航道之要冲<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
从1511至1641年易手于荷兰人的130年间<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲是葡萄牙殖民帝国在东方的重要据点<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>也是葡萄牙人控制漫长的东方航道的一个主要环节 和向东南亚扩张、贸易的基地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>它与澳门有着密切相依的关系<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>扮演着不可或缺的重要角色<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
马六甲成了世界商人云集的城市<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>皮尔斯在《东方诸国记》中告诉我们<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在十五世纪末十六世纪初的马六甲市场上<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>人们约使用84种方言<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>《马来纪年》记载当时人口为19万人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其中大多为各国商人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>埃布尔奎攻占马六甲时仍有 10万人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>埃布尔奎回忆说：“我确实相信<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如果还有另一个世界<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>或者在我们所知道的以外还有另一条航线的话<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>那未他们必然将寻找到马六甲来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>因为这里<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们可以找到凡是世界上所能说得出的任何一种药材和香料<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>”
李旦看着那繁荣的港口<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>又看看屹立于马六甲东南方海滨的亚福沙（A Famosa）堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>眼光中不由地显露出了羡慕之情：“佛郎机人国小人少<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>却是很有眼光<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这样的优越的地利都被他们占了<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>不过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>我们从台湾出发前<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>尹船主告诫我们<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>现在还不是和佛郎机人动手的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>这个地方我们还不能动啊<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/65A9D152AD8DB83EF0A02CF839D9F8DE.png)'></span>”
葡萄牙人能够在柔佛和亚齐的不断围攻下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在马六甲坚持100多年<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>除了葡萄牙殖民者对马六甲境内采取分而治之的政策和善于挑拨、利用柔佛与亚齐之间的矛盾以外<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在很大程度上还依靠了坚固著称的亚福沙（A Famosa）堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个堡垒是在埃布尔奎占领马六甲后开始建筑的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>当时埃布尔奎命令爪哇人到乡下去搜捕“逃犯”<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>用铁链锁在工地<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>强迫建筑炮台<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>并把原苏丹王室的1500名奴隶也投入建筑堡垒的苦役 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个要塞堡寨墙厚8英尺<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>四周共筑有7个炮台<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>临海一面是巨浪翻滚的大海<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>在每个月的第十五天<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>水位很高<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>200吨船可沿着堡垒边进来 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其他三面被马六甲河萦绕着<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
要塞成为葡属马六甲的核心：城堡里有总督府、主教殿、国家政务会礼堂、慈善兄弟会礼堂、五个教堂和两个医院 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>这个要塞被称为“第一个在东南亚的近代欧洲式的城堡” <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
马六甲要塞通常的驻军是300人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一般很少超过500人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在1606年荷兰和柔佛联合进攻马六甲时<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>只有80个葡萄牙人和几个日本雇佣兵 <span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>甚至在初期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>其中一个月下降至29人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>守卫堡垒的葡萄牙士兵平均是在200人以下<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>在遭到围攻的时候<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>他们就依靠这个设计先进的堡垒<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以及相比周围各国先进强大的火器<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>挺过受围攻的艰险时期<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>一直坚持到果阿的援军的到来<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>马六甲也是葡萄牙人主要的海军基地之一<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>有它自己的常驻舰队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>以保持对马六甲海峡的制海权<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>为了袭击敌对船只或商船<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>葡萄牙人建立了“里马舰队”（Armada da Rima）<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>它行动轻捷迅疾<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>对葡萄牙人有效地控制海峡起了重大作用<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>不过<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>此时由于荷兰人的骚扰<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>马六甲舰队正在南方苏门答腊巡航<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>
中华公司此次派遣前往欧洲的船队<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>拥有强大的欧式战舰飞龙号<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>还有中西结合式的新兴号<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>加上辅助船只<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>携带总共拥有200多门炮<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>拥有战斗人员1000多人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>辅助作战的水手也有300-400人<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>如果结合本地中华商馆的人员对葡萄牙人的亚福沙城堡来一次奇袭<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/6564603D0583D83F354AED2F0D81388F.png)'></span>说不定是能够成功的<span class='character' style='background-image:url(/DownFiles\Book\BookImg/92BF9B8DB64F3C7DC444F45C89B8128A.png)'></span>